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HIV-1 Infection as a Risk Factor for Incomplete Childhood Immunization in Zambia

Identifieur interne : 000D85 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000D84; suivant : 000D86

HIV-1 Infection as a Risk Factor for Incomplete Childhood Immunization in Zambia

Auteurs : Rosanna W. Setse [États-Unis] ; Felicity Cutts [Royaume-Uni] ; Mwaka Monze [Zambie] ; Judith J. Ryon [États-Unis] ; Thomas C. Quinn [États-Unis] ; Diane E. Griffin [États-Unis] ; William J. Moss [États-Unis]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:972BDEFA22831098CCD1D5E613DAA978D465C79E

Abstract

Immunizations are of particular importance for human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)-infected children as they are at increased risk of severe disease and death from several vaccine-preventable diseases. Outside the United States, however, research on the impact of the HIV-1 epidemic on childhood immunization coverage is sparse. We conducted a nested case-control study in hospitalized children with measles to assess whether HIV-1 infection was a risk factor for incomplete immunization with diphtheria–tetanus–pertussis vaccine (DTP) and oral polio vaccine (OPV). Of 473 children, whose immunization status was determined from the immunization record or maternal recall, 23% were incompletely immunized and 19% were HIV-1 infected. After adjusting for age, sex, and measles vaccination status, HIV-1 infection was significantly associated with incomplete immunization with DTP and OPV (adjusted OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.1, 3.3). In a subset of children for whom information on maternal education was available, less than 7 years of school education was a risk factor for incomplete immunization (adjusted OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.8. 7.5). Children from homes with more than three children were twice as likely to be incompletely immunized as those from homes with one to three children. Our findings suggest that HIV-1-infected children are at increased risk of vaccine-preventable diseases not only because of impaired immune responses but because of lower rates of vaccine coverage.

Url:
DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmk002


Affiliations:


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